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Photo: Alessandra Hartkopf for Strategies for Children

I recently posted an item – Rethink Public Financing of Early Education and Care – that looked at funding the education and care of young children in this country. Another report, this one from the National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER) at Rutgers University, also offers an analysis of funding and makes recommendations for increasing funding and coordination of public dollars designated for early education and care. As I noted in the earlier blog post, the financing of early education and care in this country is a complex mix of private and public dollars, with much of it coming from high fees for parents and low pay for early educators – and much of it built as a service working parents, not a birthright for young children.

The NIEER policy brief – “Improving Public Financing for Early Learning Programs” – describes a “patchwork of funding streams and programs” and makes recommendations for improving the public financing of early education and care.

“It should go without saying that developing more reliable, well-considered revenue streams for early learning programs is a good thing,” the report concludes. “They not only maintain enrollment and program quality, they also provide the predictability that is essential to ensuring continuous improvement and a high level of program effectiveness. The lack of cohesive system-building that has typified the expansion of early childhood education in the United States has perpetuated the patchwork of preschool policies and finance mechanisms at all levels. This likely resulted in fewer children served that had a more systemic approach been used. And, it has delayed the collaboration and adaptation of successful approaches across programs that can lead to enhanced program effectiveness.”

Included among NIEER’s recommendations are these: Continue Reading »

Photo: Alessandra Hartkopf for Strategies for Children

A new report commissioned by the Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (ESE) – “Review of Special Education in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts” — includes a powerful message about the importance of early literacy.

The report, prepared by Thomas Hehir and Associates, focuses on “disability categories whose determination – whether a child is identified as having a disability or not – might involve a greater degree of subjectivity.” It finds that Massachusetts has the nation’s second highest rate (after Rhode Island) of identifying children with special needs. It also finds that districts with large numbers of children from low-income families have higher rates of identifying students as eligible for special education than wealthy districts.

Hehir, a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, presented his findings at a recent special meeting of the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education that Kelly Kulsrud, our director of reading proficiency, attended. Hehir is also a former director of the Office of Special Education Programs at the U.S. Department of Education and a former director of special education for the Boston and Chicago Public Schools.

According to ESE’s opening presentation, referrals to special education are highest at age 3 and third grade. At age 3, children are referred from the state’s early intervention program. Hehir, in the meeting, linked the grade three numbers, in part, to the identification of children who struggle with reading.

In addition to noting the differing rates between low-income and wealthy districts, Continue Reading »

Photo: Alessandra Hartkopf for Strategies for Children

We often say that young children learn through play. We say that play is children’s work. What does research tell us young children gain through play? A recent article in Psychology Today and results of a 15-year longitudinal study, published in Family Science, provide some answers.

As the Psychology Today article notes, there is more to play than swings, jungle gyms and games of tag on the recess playground. Imaginative play – make-believe and pretend – is important for young children’s healthy development.

“Over the last 75 years a number of theorists and researchers have identified the values of such imaginative play as a vital component to the normal development of a child,” Psychology Today reports. “Systematic research has increasingly demonstrated a series of clear benefits of children’s engagement in pretend games from the ages of about 2½ through ages 6 or 7. Continue Reading »

In Quotes

“It does not require a PhD or unlimited hours for parents to make a difference. In fact, many parent-child activities that are associated with better reading performance among students involve relatively little time and no specialized knowledge. What these activities do demand, though, is genuine interest and active engagement.”

What Can Parents Do to Help Their Children Succeed in School,” Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2011

Photo: Alessandra Hartkopf for Strategies for Children

A recent report from the Brookings Institution – “Starting School at a Disadvantage: The School Readiness of Poor Children” – concludes that high-quality early education has great potential for narrowing the school readiness gap between children from families with incomes below the poverty line and children from higher-income families. Of three interventions that researchers examined, preschool programs had the greatest positive effect on school readiness.

The gap researchers studied is large. “Poor children in the United States start school at a disadvantage in terms of their early skills, behaviors, and health,” the executive summary begins. “Fewer than half (48 percent) of poor children are ready for school at age 5, compared to 75 percent of children from families with moderate and high income, a 27 percentage point gap.”

Researchers used the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort to analyze school readiness. Continue Reading »

Last week, the Massachusetts House of Representatives passed a $32.4 billion budget for fiscal year 2013 that includes $487.61 million for the Department of Early Education and Care. The budget process now moves to the Senate. The Senate Committee on Ways and Means is expected to release its budget recommendations during the week of May 14, with Senate debate taking place during the week of May 21.

The budget approved by the House:

  • Funds the Department of Early Education and Care (EEC) at $487 million, compared with $495 million in FY12.
  • Level funds Continue Reading »

Third grade reading in Massachusetts. Taking a closer look at race/ethnicity (click to enlarge chart) and income (click to enlarge chart). Source: Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education

Take a closer look at third grade reading proficiency in Massachusetts, and one thing is clear, as the charts on race and ethnicity and income shown here demonstrate. We must address troubling achievement gaps and at the same time help support children across all racial/ethnic and income groups become strong readers by the end of third grade.

To give every child the strong start they deserve, we must recognize that the path to reading success begins at birth. So do research-based strategies to support children’s early language and literacy development.  An Act Relative to Third Grade Reading Proficiency, which is now making its way through the Massachusetts Legislature, offers one important way to address the problem. It establishes an Early Literacy Expert Panel that would make recommendations to the state’s education agencies, focused largely on five research-based strategies: curriculum, instruction, professional development and training, assessment, and family partnership.

The charts included in this post are on our Maps & Charts page, which also contains additional charts on reading and other issues.

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